Be Proactive to Avoid Ice Dams this Winter

Ice dams are a common winter hazard that can lead to extensive damage for homeowners, especially in regions with heavy snowfall. These dams form along roof edges, creating a barrier that prevents melting snow from draining off the roof. As water accumulates behind the dam, it can seep under shingles and leak into the house. This could cause costly damages to walls, ceilings, insulation, gutter and soffits.

Ice dams form due to a combination of snow, attic heat, and temperature fluctuations. When snow accumulates on a roof and is warmed unevenly by escaping heat from the attic, it begins to melt. The melted snow flows down toward the eaves, where the roof is colder, and refreezes, forming a ridge of ice. As the process repeats, the ice builds up, creating a dam that traps more melting snow. Hal from Rooftek Roofers states “This trapped water can then leak through the roof, causing significant issues. Several factors contribute to ice dam formation, including poor attic insulation, inadequate ventilation, and fluctuating winter temperatures.”

This moisture also creates an ideal environment for mold and mildew, which can compromise indoor air quality and pose health risks. Additionally, the repeated freeze-thaw cycle can warp or crack roofing materials, interior walls and ceilings leading to structural damage over time. Beyond these physical impacts, ice dams also disrupt a home’s energy efficiency, as compromised insulation increases heating costs.

Preventing ice dams involves a few key strategies that address heat loss and ensure consistent roof temperatures. The first step is to improve attic insulation to get an evaluation from Primetime Energy Services. By reducing the heat escaping from the house, plus proper ventilation, insulation helps keep the roof at a temperature similar to the outdoor climate and minimizes snowmelt that would normally contribute to ice dams. Insulation should be evenly distributed throughout the attic floor to prevent warm spots that could cause uneven melting.

Proper ventilation in the attic is also essential. Nick Cappelli, from Primetime Energy Services says, “Roof and soffit vents promote air circulation, maintaining a consistent temperature and preventing warm air from accumulating. Ideally, the attic temperature should stay close to that of the outside air. Consulting a professional can help identify the best ventilation strategy for your particular home.”

Sealing air leaks in the attic further reduces the risk of ice dams. Gaps around pipes, vents, chimneys, and other openings allow warm air to escape, so using caulking or weather stripping to close these gaps can prevent excess heat transfer. Reducing warm air flow into the attic keeps the roof cooler and reduces the amount of melting snow.

Another temporary measure to prevent ice dams is the installation of roof heat cables, or de-icing cables, along the eaves. These cables warm the edge of the roof, preventing ice buildup. However, this is considered to be a fix to the ice issues, but not a solution to the root problem causing the ice.

After heavy snowfall, removing snow from the roof can also help prevent ice dam formation. Using a roof rake, homeowners can clear snow from the roof, reducing the amount of snow that could melt and refreeze at the eaves. When removing snow, it’s important to avoid scraping the shingles to prevent damage. Staying on the ground rather than climbing onto the roof is also safer.

While some of these measures, like clearing snow or sealing small air leaks, can be done independently, other steps, like insulating and ventilating the attic effectively, require professional expertise. A roofing specialist such as Hometek Roofing can inspect your roof and offer recommendations for repairs or modifications that may help prevent future ice dams.

Preventing ice dams not only protects your home from water damage and mold growth but also improves your home’s energy efficiency and comfort. By taking steps to enhance insulation, seal leaks, and ensure proper ventilation, homeowners can reduce the risk of ice dams and enjoy a safer, warmer winter. Contact Primetime Energy Services for an inspection at 716-685-4331 or email at [email protected].